March 1220-1226 A.D. Breadsall Prior, Breadsall, Derbyshire, UK—Founded by Augustinian Canons Regular; Priory Church Called “Holy Trinity,” Dissolved 1536
March 1220-1226 A.D. Breadsall Prior, Breadsall, Derbyshire,
UK—Founded by Augustinian Canons Regular;
Priory Church Called “Holy Trinity,” Dissolved 1536; Granted to Henry, Duke of Suffolk, 13th
Century Arch Retained in Elizabethan Mansion Built on Site; Became Hotel/Golf Club “Marriott Breadsall
Priory Hotel,” 1980; 130 NW of London, 2200 as the Crow Flies; Due South of
Sheffield
Breadsall Priory
Contents
History
Priors
History after dissolution
References
Sources
External links
Breadsall Priory
From Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia
|
Breadsall Priory
|
|
Breadsall Priory in
December 2005
|
|
 
Location within
Derbyshire
|
|
|
Monastery information
|
|
|
Full name
|
The Priory of the Holy Trinity, Breadsall
|
|
Other names
|
Breadsall Park Priory
|
|
Established
|
Before 1266
|
|
1536
|
|
|
Dedicated to
|
The Holy Trinity
|
|
Controlled churches
|
Breadsall, Duffield, Horsley, Mugginton and
Windley.
|
|
People
|
|
|
Founder(s)
|
Richard, Henry or Sir Robert Curzon
|
|
Site
|
|
|
SK380414
|
|
|
Visible remains
|
A single 13th-century arch remains from the
original priory buildings, within the cellars of the later building
constructed on the site.[1]
|
Breadsall
Priory is a former Augustinian priory in Derbyshire, about a mile to the north of Breadsall, and about a mile to the east
of Little Eaton. It was established by a member of the Curzon
family before 1266, and was only a very small priory, and was dissolved in 1536.
The priory was demolished in
the 16th century, and a private home, also known as Breadsall Priory, was built
on the site. In the 19th century it was extensively altered and extended. Both
the house and its stables are Grade II Listed.
The house is currently a hotel, and its stables are in residential use.
Contents
History
Breadsall priory was
established before the middle of the 13th century by one of three generations
of the Curzon family: Richard, Henry or Sir Robert Curzon (grandfather, son and
grandson).[2]
Many sources often mistakenly
refer to Breadsall as being a house ofAugustinian Friars (also known as Friars Eremites), due to a mistake
made on a Patent Roll in 1266.[2] Breadsall was in fact home to Augustinian Canons; a fact confirmed by King Henry III's grant of 20 acres of land in Horsley and
Horston: Augustinian Friars could not own any land other than what their priory
sat upon; Augustinian Canons, however, could freely own land.[2]
Breadsall Priory was very
small.[2] Breadsall was usually home to only the prior and two canons,
and the taxation roll of 1291 reveals that the priory had an annual income of
only £5 19s.[2] However, Breadsall was frequently home to just the prior and one canon, or
just the prior alone.[2] The small number of canons made it impossible to elect a prior, meaning one
was often chosen by a member of the Curzon family, who served as
"hereditary patrons".[2] The Curzon family were Lords of the Manor of Breadsall Overhall for eight
generations.[2]
During the reign of King Richard II (1377–1399), the manor passed to the Dethick
family, through the marriage of Cecilia Curzon to William Dethick.[2] The Dethick family's relationship to the priory however was, for a period,
unclear.[2] In 1384 the prior was appointed by Sir Thomas Wendesley, who was referred
to as Patron pro hac vice.[2] Several other priors were appointed by the Bishop of Lichfield, rather than the Dethick family.[2] In 1456 however the bishop confirmed Sir William Dethick's right to
"the first licence to elect or provide a superior when the priory was
vacant".[2]
In 1402 William Dethick, son
of Cecilia Curzon, donated a moiety of the rectory of Mugginton to Breadsall. Dethick however failed to follow
the proper procedure to alienate the lands; so when he died his "executors
and trustees" were "heavily fined" by the crown.[2]
In 1444, Breadsall priory was
sued by the Collegiate Church of St Mary in Leicester, over the tithes of a field called
"Hethfield", near Mugginton.[2] St Mary's argued that the field belonged to the Parish of Duffield (which
was in their control), and not that of Mugginton (controlled by the priory).[2] The court found in favour of St Mary's and control of the field passed to
the collegiate church.[2] The rector of Mugginton was "condemned for contempt of Court of
Arches" and ordered to pay the 40s. to St Mary's.[2]
In 1448, Prior Thomas
Breadsall complained to the Bishop of Lichfield that "certain charters and evidences which
particularly affected the interests of William Dethick" had been stolen
from the priory.[2] The bishop ordered that at high mass in several local churches, the priests
should spread the news of the theft, and instruct that the perpetrators were to
be excommunicated unless the items were returned within 15 days.[2] Its unclear whether this strategy worked.[2]
In 1453, John Statham of
Morley agreed to donate money to repair the roof of the priory church and the
glazing in the clerestory.[2] In return, Prior Thomas Breadsall agreed that the priory would celebrate
mass annually, on the feast of the Eleven Thousand Virgins, for the souls of
Goditha, Thomas, Elizabeth Cecilia and John Statham.[2]
In 1454, a canon at Breadsall,
John Derby (who was "probably a gifted preacher"[2]),
was granted a licence from Reginald Boulers, Bishop of Coventry and Lichfield to travel around the diocese preaching in its parish churches.[2]
The Valor Ecclesiasticus of 1535 records Breadsall Priory had an annual
income, after expenses, of £10 17s. 9d., and was in control of the parishes of
Breadsall, Duffield, Horsley, Mugginton and Windley.[2] The prior, William Pendylton, was the only resident at the priory at the
time.[2]
The priory was dissolved in 1536.[2] Pendylton, was awarded a "minute pension" of only 5 marks a year.[2]
Of the original priory
buildings, only a single 13th-century arch remains, in the cellars of the later
building constructed on the site.[1]
Priors
·
Hugh
de Mackworth. Appointed in 1306: "under the patronage of Richard
Curzon".
·
Hamund
de Merston. Appointed in 1309. Also chosen by Richard Curzon.
Reappointed
in 1322. This time chosen by Henry Curzon.
·
William
de Repyndon. Formerly a canon at Breadsall. Resigned as Prior in October 1347.
·
Thomas
de London. Appointed in 1365 after the position of Prior had been vacant for
several years. Previously a monk atBurton Abbey.
·
Geoffrey
de Stafford. Resigned in 1370.
·
Thomas
Lewes. Appointed in 1370.
·
Roger
Upton. Appointed in 1384. Appointed in 1384 by Sir Thomas Wendesley.
·
Thomas
Holand (also known as Thoams Bakster). Served 1431–1442.
·
Thomas
Beadsall. Served 1442–1456.
·
Robert
Burton. Served October 1456–1487. Formerly a canon at Repton Priory. Selected by Sir William Dethick.
·
Henry
Halom. Appointed in 1487.
·
John
Alton. Died in office, 1519.
·
Thomas
Beyston. Appointed in 1519.
·
William
Pendyltion. Appointment date unknown. Name appears in 1535, when he was the
only resident at the priory. Surrendered the priory for dissolution and awarded
"minute pension" at dissolution, of 5 marks a year.
History after dissolution
Following dissolution, some of Breadsall's lands were transferred to Darley Abbey. However, Darley was also dissolved soon after, and the land passed to the
crown.[2]By
September 1536, the priory site was tenanted and farmed by Lawrence Holland of
Belper.[2] In 1552 the priory was granted to Henry, Duke of Suffolk, and sold in the
same year to Thomas Babington.[3]
Breadsall subsequently has
passed through numerous owners. In the late 16th century, when under the
ownership of Sir John Bentley, an Elizabethan "E-plan" house was
constructed on the former priory site.[citation
needed] The original house, also known as Breadsall Priory,
was altered and extended by architect Robert Scrivener around 1861, and a new
wing was added in 1906.[3] The house's stable buildings were constructed in the mid-19th century.[4]
The physician and poet Erasmus Darwin, grandfather of Charles Darwin, moved to Breadsall shortly before his
death in 1802.[citation
needed] The house was subsequently home to his son Sir Francis Sacheverel Darwin (1786–1859).[citation
needed] Sir Francis' son Edward Levett Darwin, author of the Gameskeeper's Manual (under the pseudonym "High Elms"), learnt natural history in its grounds.[citation
needed]
Later, Derby industrialist Sir Alfred Seale Haslam (1844–1927), (Mayor of Derby1890/91,[5] Member of Parliament for Newcastle under Lyme 1900/6) acquired the house. His son Eric Seale Haslam was High Sheriff of Derbyshire in 1937.[citation needed]
The building is currently a Marriott hotel with two 18-hole golf courses, one set in mature parkland called the Priory Course, and the other called
the Moorland Course.[6] In 2005, the priory hosted a G8 summit meeting of environment and development
ministers.[7]
The house was Grade II Listed on 2 September 1952.[3] The associated stables, built in the mid-19th century, are in residential
use. The stables were Grade II Listed on 6 November 1986.[4]
References
2.
^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af William Page (ed.) (1907). 'Houses of Austin canons: The priory of Breadsall', A
History of the County of Derby: Volume 2. pp. 54–56.
3.
^ Jump up to:a b c "Breadsall Priory, Breadsall". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
4.
^ Jump up to:a b "Stable Block North West of Breadsall Priory,
Breadsall". British Listed Buildings. Retrieved 29 January 2014.
5.
Jump up^ ‘HASLAM, Sir Alfred Seale’, Who Was Who, A & C Black,
1920–2007; online edn, Oxford University Press, December 2007accessed 19 July 2008
Sources
·
History and
Gazetteer of the County of Derby Pt 1 Vol 2
(1829) Stephen Glover p 152 (Google Books): Breadsall Priory
·
Haslam
Papers at National Archives (Derbyshire Record Office) ref GB/0026/D1333
Comments
Post a Comment