February 1238 A.D.—Present. Bradbourne Prior, Bradbourne, Derbyshire, UK—Augustine Canons Regular; Granted by Geoffrey de Cauceis; Pariochal Use as “Church of All Saints;”
February 1238 A.D.—Present. Bradbourne Prior,
Bradbourne, Derbyshire, UK—Augustine Canons Regular; Granted by Geoffrey de Cauceis; Pariochal Use as “Church of All Saints;”
Diocese of Lichfield; About 146 Miles NW of London at 2200 as the Crow Flies;
NW of Nottingham
Bradbourne Priory
From Wikipedia, the free
encyclopedia
The Priory at Bradbourne consisted of the main priory church and
community at Bradbourne, and three chapelries at Tissington, Brassington and Ballidon.[1]
The priory church at Bradbourne exists today as All Saints Parish Church,
which is currently Grade I
Listed.[2]
Contents
Architectural history
There has been a church on the site since Saxon times; The present
churchyard is home to the Bradbourne
Cross, an 8th-century depiction of the crucifixion, which was at some-point
smashed but has now been partially reconstructed.[3]
A church is listed as being on the site in the Domesday book of 1086, but a new church appears to have been constructed at the
beginning of the 12th century. This Norman church is deemed to have been of
"considerable size" as the tower was larger and taller than those
normally expected at the time. No part of the church listed in the Domesday
book is thought to still exist; however, of the Norman church, both the tower
and the south porch remain mostly unaltered. Architectural remains suggest
the church would have been partially rebuilt or altered at the beginning of
the 13th century. The chancel is thought to be slight later; the design of
the east window suggesting it was constructed circa 1320. The church, which
is dedicated to All Saints, consists of nave, with south aisle and porch,
chancel and tower at the west end.[2]
Adjacent to the church sits Bradbourne Hall, which is believed to be
built upon the foundations of the previous priory buildings or rectory.
History
Early
history
The site has been of religious significance since at least Saxon times.
New churches are known to have been built before the Domesday book of 1086, again at the beginning of the 12th century, and then large-scale
reconstruction work at the beginning of the 13th century. The status of these
early churches—whether they served as priories or as parish churches—is not
known.[2]
13th
century
Dunstable Priory
In 1205, Sir Geoffrey de Cauceis sold the Manor of Bradbourne to Godard
de Bradbourn; he, however, did not allow the church to go with the manor
house, gifting the advowson of Bradbourne Priory (along
with all of its lands and chapels) toDunstable Priory in Bedfordshire; Bradbourne would then act as a "cell"
to Dunstable.[4][5] The priory's income provided
finance for three canons.[5]
In 1214, the prior had a suit in court at the Vatican, in Rome: his suit was against the priory's vicars and
rector, with the aim of removing them. The prior alleged that the rector,
Robert, was the son of the former rector, Godfrey; and that one of the
vicars, Henry, was the son of his predecessor, John. Allegations were also
made against the other vicar, William, accusing him of keeping "a
concubine publicly, and went a hunting, forsaking his tonsure and clerical
duties".[4]
In 1243 over 800 sheep belonging to the priory died; however, in 1284 the
priory is recorded as owning 1,200 cattle and sheep.[4][1]
In 1278, in return for a fee of two hundred marks (which was raised from
the chapelries of Atlow and Brassington), Roger de Meyland, Bishop of
Coventry and Lichfield confirmed and recognised
Bradbourne Priory and its chapelries.[4]
In 1291 the priory was valued as worth 60 marks; however, by 1295
Bradbourne Priory had fallen into poverty. To help alleviate this, all the
wool produced at the priory was granted to the support of the three brethren
who served the church and chapels.[4][5]
14th
century
In 1305 the prior took Roger Bradbourn, lord of the manor of Bradbourne,
to court, accusing him (and five others) of mining lead ore worth 100
shillings from the priory's lands. Roger's defence that this was of "the
invariable custom of the Peak". The prior's argument was that Sir
Geoffrey de Cauceis had not only given the Bradbourne church, but also all
the village's lands. The court decided in favour of the prior; Roger de
Bradbourn and his heirs were thereby banned from ever disturbing the soil on
the church's lands.[4]
Around 1330, Dunstable Priory wrote to Roger Northburgh, Bishop of
Coventry and Lichfield, asking for him to provide a secular vicar to serve at
the church of Bradbourne (instead of them keeping two of their monks or
canons there). The bishop agreed and so the Priory gave two
"bovates" of land, tithe free, to for the new vicar, at Tissington; they then constructed a
new hall for the vicar to live in. The vicar was endowed with the tithes of
corn, hay, and lambs from Tissington, and with the mills throughout the
parish; he was also granted the tithes, mortuaries and altar dues from the
parish and chapelries in return for conducting the services, at his own
expense, in the Priory and all of its chapels. This arrangement effectively
ended Bradbourne's time as a traditional priory, and established it as a
parish church. It remained under the control of Dunstable Priory, however,
who would often provide one of their own to be vicar.[4]
16th
century
The Valor Ecclesiasticus in 1535 estimated the annual value of the vicarage at £8 3s 4d.; this sum
included a pension from the Abbot of Dale of 6s. 8d., and an annual payment
of £4 from the Prior of Dunstable.[4][6] At the time "Dns Johes
Barret" held the vicarage.[4] The annual value of the
rectorial manor held by the priory was estimated at £24 10s. 0d.[4]
On 30 September 1554, Bradbourne was visited by the Commissioners of King Edward VI who performed an inventory of church goods with a view of selling those
with superstitious uses. The following things were appropriated:
"Vestments with all things, aulter clothes, towels, coope,
surpleses, cruets pewter, senser off bras, crosse off wodd, bucket of bras,
caudelstyke off iron, pyxe of bras, cannabe (canopy) covering, corperas case,
bells, sanctus bell, hand bells, sakeryng bells, chalice with a paten parcel
gilte."
The curate at the time was listed as "Thos Swetnam". Following
the Dissolution of the
Monasteries, the vicarage passed to the Cavendish family, later Dukes of Devonshire.[4]
17th
century
In 1609, the former glebe lands, of some 260 acres
(1.1 km2), and the advowson of All Saints were purchased
by George Buxton; He replaced the old vicarage with the present Bradbourne Hall, which was for his own
occupation.[7]
By 1627 the church at Bradbourne was in need of serious repairs, with a
greatly decayed roof and decaying timbers, lead, windows and bells, all
estimated as costing around £46 to repair or replace (almost 3 years' average
craftsman's wages[8]). On 10 February 1629, Thomas Buxton and Vincent
Sexton, churchwardens of Bradbourne, took a suit to the Chancery against
William Cokayne, Valentine Jackson and four others living at the nearby village
of Atlow, declaring it an ancient custom for all the parishioners of Atlow to pay
for the repair of the parish church at Bradbourne, but that they had not been
paying it. The following year the court decided that the inhabitants of Atlow
were to pay annually 5s. 6d. per oxgang (15 acres) to Bradbourne for
repairs; but they were not to be charged for any previous arrears.[4]
References
2.
^ Jump up to:a b c "British Listed Buildings: All
Saints Church, Bradbourne". Retrieved 6 April 2013.
4.
^ Jump up to:a b c d e f g h i j k l Cox, J
(1875). Churches of Derbyshire: Bradbourne:.
Retrieved 6 April 2013.
5.
^ Jump up to:a b c A History of the County of Bedford:
Volume 1. Victoria County History. 1904. pp. 371–377.
6.
Jump up^ VALOR ECCLESIASTICUS TEMPORE HENRICI VIII
(ECCLESIASTICAL VALUATION OF THE REIGN OF HENRY VIII).
7.
Jump up^ History
and Gazetteer of the County of Derby Pt I Vol 2
(1829) Stephen Glover p.133. Google Books
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