5 September 1516 A.D. Erasmus
5
September 1516 A.D. Erasmus
Graves, Dan. “Glarean
Blessed Erasmus.” Christianity.com. Apr 2007. http://www.christianity.com/church/church-history/timeline/1501-1600/glarean-blessed-erasmus-11629917.html. Accessed 20 May 2014.
One of the greatest teachers and scholars at the
time of the Swiss Reformation was Heinrich Loreti. Known by the name Glarean,
because he was born near Glarus, Switzerland, he came to Basel in 1514 as a
private scholar and a proctor (supervisor) of younger men. At that time, the
university required its students to live with such proctors. Fifteen or more
men would room with one of these graduate students, who added his own
instruction to their education.
Glarean perfected his students' knowledge of Latin
and Greek, mathematics, geography, and classical literature. He could have
helped them with music, too, for he made an original mark in that field. So
gifted was Glarean that one of his enthusiastic pupils wrote, "I doubt
whether there are ten like him in all Switzerland."
Erasmus, the humanist and scholar who did more than
anyone to set the Reformation going, made a deep impression on Glarean. On this day, September 5, 1516 (a year before Martin Luther
posted his 95 theses) Glarean wrote a letter to Erasmus, revealing how the
older man had inspired him. In it he said, "You taught me to know Christ
and not only to know him but to imitate him, to honor him and to love
him."
Glarean attempted to impart the new humanism to his
students. Praising him in a 1517 letter to a Bishop in Paris, Erasmus noted
that he had rejected fruitless theology
and was studying Christ from the sources. "He has great knowledge of
history, and is remarkably able in music, cosmography, and mathematics,
deserving to be called master in these fields. In respect to morals, he has a
good and clean character, and is devoted to piety."
Among the pupils Glarean supervised was Conrad
Grebel, who became a significant leader of the Swiss Brethren. Another, at the
opposite pole, was Aegidius Tschudi who became a famous historian and defender
of Catholicism in Switzerland. But many others passed under Glarean's care.
However, when Glarean is remembered today, it is
usually because of his study of musical modes. (In a mode, the eight tones in a
octave are arranged according to a fixed scheme.) Two of his modes are similar
to our major and minor scales. He claimed that there are twelve modes, or a
Dodecachordon. The system is not used and is too technical to explain here, but
Glarean's point was that many of these modes were in use by contemporary
musicians who did not even realize it. Glarean gave his modes Greek names: the
Dorian, the Phrygian, and so forth.
Glarean was friends with several of the Reformers,
men such as Ulrich Zwingli and Oecolompadius. At first he was happy with Luther's
ideas, but as time passed he grew disenchanted with the violent course the
Reformation took and in the end, he remained a Catholic.
Bibliography:
1.
Bender, Harold S. Conrad Grebel c. 1498-1526; the
founder of the Swiss Brethren sometimes called Anabaptists. (Scottsdale,
Pennsylvania: Herald Press, 1950.
2.
Hartig, Otto. "Henry Glarean." The Catholic
Encyclopedia. New York: Robert Appleton, 1909.
3.
Mortensen, Kurt. "Glarean's
Dodecachordon." http://www.kurtmortensen.org/pn-dodecachordon.html
4.
Various internet articles.
Last updated July,
2007
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